George Biddle Zelfportret
George Biddle (1885–1973) was a leading American artist whose work engaged with the human condition, in particular the social injustices he encountered in his journeys across the United States and abroad. He served in World War I, was an artist correspondent for Life magazine in World War II, attended the Nuremberg trials, and participated in various federal committees that shaped the politics of twentieth-century American art. 

Through his long-standing friendship with President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, he helped form the mural project of the Works Project Administration. Biddle himself created murals for the U.S. Department of Justice Building in Washington, DC, and, as part of an official effort to promote Pan-American progress and cooperation, for the National Library in Rio de Janeiro and the Supreme Court in Mexico City.

De titel van deze bijdrage is de titel van de tentoonstelling in Philadelphia USA die nog tot 22 januari 2023 te bezoeken is in het WoodmereARTMUSEUM. En hun mooie video van een tiental minuutjes is een schitterende deuropener op leven en werk van George Biddle. Je kunt ondertiteling inschakelen. Opgelet: Na de aftiteling volgt nog een mooi fragmentje! Niet te vlug wegdraaien dus.

George Biddle werd in 1885 geboren in een vooraanstaande familie uit Philadelphia. Hoewel hij rechten studeerde aan Harvard University en in 1911 werd toegelaten tot de Pennsylvania Bar, streefde Biddle een carrière in de kunst na. In 1911 ging Biddle naar Parijs om te studeren aan de Académie Julian. In 1912 keerde hij terug naar Philadelphia om zich in te schrijven aan de Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. In 1914 reisde Biddle terug naar Europa om in München prentkunst te studeren alvorens naar Parijs te gaan. De zomers van 1915 en 1916 bracht hij door bij de Amerikaanse kunstenaar Frederick Carl Frieseke in Giverny. Edgar Degas en vooral Mary Cassatt waren vrienden van Biddle’s familie en hielden zijn artistieke ontwikkeling in de gaten terwijl hij in Frankrijk was.

Whoopee at Sloppy Jo’s 1933
A member of the illustrious Biddle family of Philadelphia, Mr. Biddle was born there Jan. 24. 1885. Like his younger brother, Francis, who was later Attorney General of the United States, he attended Groton and graduated from Harvard College.

He went on to Harvard Law School and eventually took his degree in 1911. Illness delayed graduation for a year, which he passed in Texas, where he found his métier. He pursued it in Paris at the Julien Academy and later at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts.

Mr. Biddle returned to Paris to paint, served in the United States Army in World War I and then journeyed to Tahiti to “isolate myself from temporary art currents in order to catch up with lost time.” He became convinced there that “art, most literally, is an expression of life, never something isolated from it.” It was a credo he was to follow for the rest of his life. (NY Times 8 nov. 1973)

In 1928, Biddle accompanied the muralist Diego Rivera on a sketching trip in Mexico, an experience that would inform his own highly successful career as a social realist focused on contemporary America.
In the Breakers
“I am old enough to have experienced or participated, in the important art movements since the turn of the century,” Mr. Biddle said several years ago. “These were French impressionism; the American Ashcan school; the school of Paris and cubism during those early and exciting days when it first exploded on the world; regionalism; the Mexican mural movement; the New Deal subsidy of art — what we may loosely lump together as the social‐conscious trend of the twenties and the early thirties, and the postwar currents of contemporary art.” (NY Times ibidem)
Mural: Sweatshop

Met veel van zijn kunstenaarsvrienden die tijdens de depressie aan de bedelstaf waren geraakt, schreef Biddle in 1933 een brief aan president Franklin D. Roosevelt met het voorstel dat de federale regering de muurschildering zou steunen. Hoewel de Commissie voor Schone Kunsten aanvankelijk tegen was, zette Biddle door, en later dat jaar werd een werkverschaffingsprogramma opgezet. In zes maanden werden ongeveer 15.000 schilderijen gemaakt, waarvan vele hun weg vonden naar overheidsgebouwen in het hele land. Het project werd later uitgebreid en bleef van kracht tot einde jaren dertig.

In 1930 gaven George en Ira Gershwin George Biddle de opdracht het libretto voor Porgy and Bess te illustreren. De kunstenaar verbleef in mei en juni in Charleston, waar hij een groot aantal tekeningen maakte van de plaatselijke bevolking in het dagelijkse leven, waaruit de illustraties voor het libretto van Porgy and Bess werden geselecteerd. Schilderijen gemaakt van de Charleston schetsen werden tentoongesteld in de Downtown Gallery, New York. Biddle’s tweede huwelijk met Jane Belo eindigde in 1929 en in 1931 trouwde hij met de Belgische beeldhouwster Hélène Sardeau. Het paar verbleef een jaar in Rome om te werken aan olieverf, tekeningen, litho’s en keramiek. In 1932 keerden ze terug naar het huis dat Biddle had laten bouwen in Croton-on-Hudson

Streetshoppers
Harlem Dance fragment

Another factor that contributed to Biddle’s artwork were his friendships with many great “painters, sculptors, and critics of the past generation and his life-long activity in behalf of fellow artists”. He borrowed many of the other artists’ styles and turned them into his own by using different techniques and images to get a different effect. Biddle believed that everyone’s life should be influenced by every “fact with which one comes in contact, until one ceases to grow or is, actually dead”. This is the reason why Biddle became such a successful American artist; he had his own style, and expressed real actual events. (Wikipedia)

George Bidding painting a portrait od Man Ray
Portrait of Man Ray 1941
The American Surrealist painter and photographer Man Ray (1890-1976) posed for this portrait in his Hollywood studio in 1941. Philadelphia artist George Biddle surrounds him with an array of strange objects, including a twisted piece of driftwood, a cow's skull, and a piece of drapery that Man Ray's cats eventually tore apart. The artist sits on a couch with his legs crossed, revealing his multicolored socks, while behind him hangs his recently completed painting Leda and the Swan, one of his most arresting and enigmatic Surrealist compositions. (Philadelphia Museum of Art)

In his 1939 autobiography entitled An American Artist’s Story, George Biddle wrote that art “is a re-creation, a reaction to, a critique of life, expressed subconsciously in a given medium with a certain rhythm.” Over the course of a fifty-year career that spanned continents, media, and aesthetic schools, Biddle created works that gave expressive form to his own experiences and to the changing face of twentieth-century life.

In zijn autobiografie An American Artist’s Story uit 1939 schreef George Biddle dat kunst “een herschepping is, een reactie op, een kritiek op het leven, onbewust uitgedrukt in een bepaald medium met een bepaald ritme”. In de loop van een vijftigjarige carrière die continenten, media en esthetische scholen omspande, maakte Biddle werken die uitdrukking gaven aan zijn eigen ervaringen en aan het veranderende gezicht van het twintigste-eeuwse leven.

The Crossing
Portret van Hélène Sardeau

Bezoek ook:

https://woodmereartmuseum.org/experience/exhibitions/george-biddle-the-art-of-american-social-conscience

Een gedachte over “George Biddle: The art of American social conscience

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